Which term refers to measures that prevent unauthorized access to information?

The term that refers to measures that prevent unauthorized access to information is confidentiality. Confidentiality is a fundamental principle in information security that ensures sensitive information is accessed only by individuals who have the proper authorization. This can involve various techniques such as encryption, access controls, and user authentication to protect personal and financial data from being disclosed to unauthorized users.

In the context of healthcare informatics, preserving confidentiality is crucial to safeguarding patient information. It ensures that only those individuals who require access to specific data for clinical or administrative purposes can view or use that information.

Integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire lifecycle, ensuring that it has not been altered or tampered with. Availability ensures that information is accessible to authorized users when needed. Authenticity is about verifying that a user or system is who it claims to be. While all these aspects are essential in information security, confidentiality is specifically focused on preventing unauthorized access.