Which term describes a disaster caused by human actions that leads to significant damage?

The term that accurately describes a disaster caused by human actions leading to significant damage is "human-made disaster." This classification encompasses incidents such as industrial accidents, oil spills, and acts of terrorism, all of which stem from deliberate actions or negligence by individuals or organizations. Recognizing the human component is vital because it influences how responses are structured and the accountability that follows.

While the other options reference different types of disasters, they do not focus on the human element at the core of the question. Natural disasters are uncontrollable events like earthquakes and hurricanes, which are not caused by human actions. Technological disasters involve failures in technology or systems but can sometimes fall under human-made when human error plays a significant role; however, the broader term "human-made disaster" is more encompassing. Environmental hazards refer to a range of risks posed to the environment and public health, but they do not necessarily indicate the direct impact of human actions in the same way as human-made disasters do.