What is the term for permission granted voluntarily by a person who is of sound mind and aware of all factors involved?

The correct term for permission granted voluntarily by a person who is of sound mind and aware of all factors involved is informed consent. Informed consent is crucial in healthcare practices, as it ensures that individuals fully understand the nature, risks, and benefits of a medical procedure or treatment before agreeing to it. This process involves providing clear and comprehensive information so that patients can make educated decisions about their care.

Informed consent highlights the principle of autonomy, emphasizing that individuals have the right to make decisions regarding their own bodies and treatments after being adequately informed. This ensures that consent is not only given in a legal sense but also acknowledges the patient's understanding and agreement based on the information provided.

The other choices refer to different types of consent. For example, express consent involves clearly stated approval, which may not always encompass the comprehensive understanding required for informed consent. Implied consent refers to situations where consent is inferred from a person's actions rather than explicitly communicated. Legal consent generally refers to the broader legal capacity to consent, which may or may not be informed. Thus, informed consent is the most specific and accurate term for the scenario described.