Data integrity is compromised when:

The correct choice highlights a critical issue in data integrity. When information is entered incorrectly or altered, it leads to inaccuracies in the dataset, undermining the reliability and trustworthiness of that information. Data integrity relies on the consistency, accuracy, and reliability of data throughout its lifecycle. Any manipulation, whether inadvertent or deliberate, can distort the true value of that data, which is particularly crucial in health informatics where precise information is essential for patient care and decision-making processes.

In contrast, other choices present scenarios that do not compromise data integrity. Rapid transmission of information does not inherently affect how accurate that information is—fast processing can even enhance operational efficiency if managed well. Accurate entry and maintenance of data directly support integrity, ensuring that records reflect true information. Lastly, routine backups are a protective measure against data loss, ensuring that the data remains intact and can be restored if necessary. Thus, the aspect of incorrect entry or alteration directly poses a threat to the integrity of the data.